| 电子活度和pH对二氧化氯制备和稳定性的影响 |
| Effects of Electron Activity and pH on the Generation and Stability of Chlorine Dioxide |
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| 摘要: 建立了氯体系电子活度(ρε)和pH优势区域图(ρε-pH图),从酸化、氧化和还原的角度,探讨了标准状态下ρε和pH对二氧化氯制备和稳定性的影响。实际生产不可能制备绝对纯净的二氧化氯。对于不同的水体,由于其pε和pH值不同,因而可能使二氧化氨表现出不同的稳定性特征。如果水溶液中二氧化氯不歧化为氯酸根,二氧化氯相对稳定,并与亚氯酸根、氯分子或氯离子稳定共存。当氯体系实现最终平衡时,二氧化氯仅在强酸介质中优势存在,随着酸度降低,二氧化氯歧化为氯酸根和氯气,水溶性二氧化氯在常规pH条件下不稳定。 |
| 关键词: 二氧化氯 稳定性 电子活度 ρε-pH图 |
| 基金项目: 国家自然科学重点基金资助项目(No.59838300). |
| Abstract: The predominance area diagrams of electron activity (ρε) as a function of pHfor chlorine system with multi-oxychlorine species have been constructed.On the base of the diagrams, electron activity and pH directly dominate the generation and stability of chlorine dioxide.Generation processes are in fact to shift the equilibria of chlorine system into the predominance area of chlorine dioxide, which correspond to the processes of acidification, oxidization and/or reduction.It is practically not achievable to generate pure chlorine dioxide from chlorate and chlorite.For different water environments, chlorine dioxide may be present a variation on stability owing to the changed ρε and pHvalues.If no disproportionation of chlorine dioxide into chlorate occurred in aqueous solution, chlorine dioxide would be relatively stable and coexist with chlorite (ρε 17.63 and pH > 9.68), molecular chlorine (pH < 0.92), or chloride ion (pH0.92～9.68).When chlorine system has already reached the ultimate equilibria, chlorine dioxide is a stable species only in strongly acid media.As the acidity decreases, chlorine dioxide disproportionates into chlorate and molecular chlorine.Aqueous chlorine dioxide is unstable within the normal pH range. |
| Keywords: chlorine dioxide stability electron activity ρε-pH predominance area diagram |
| 投稿时间：2001-01-20 修订日期：2001-03-19 |
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| 裴元生,栾兆坤,陈慧.电子活度和pH对二氧化氯制备和稳定性的影响[J].无机化学学报,2001,17(3):407-413. |
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