| 溶剂热法合成碳纳米材料 |
| Solvothermal Synthesis of Carbon Nanomaterials |
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| 摘要: 本文综述了溶剂热法合成多种碳纳米管、纳米电缆、纳米棒、纳米球和纳米空心锥的研究现状。350 ℃下用金属钾还原六氯代苯，在用不同催化剂时，可分别得到碳纳米管和碳球，碳球的形成可以解释为石墨层的微条卷曲而成。600 ℃下金属镁还原乙醇得到了竹节状和Y-型碳纳米管。500 ℃下还原四氯化碳和碳酸钠可得到平均直径为100 nm的碳纳米管。700 ℃下金属锌还原乙醚制成了左右螺旋型交织的碳纳米管。在硫的存在下，200 ℃以下二茂铁热解成非晶碳纳米管和Fe/非晶碳纳米同轴电缆。 |
| 关键词: 溶剂热法合成 碳纳米材料 碳纳米管 多种形貌 |
| 基金项目: |
| Abstract: Carbon nanomaterials with different morphologies were fabricated by solvothermal route, including various nanotubes, nanocables, nanorods, nanospheres and nanocones. Typically, when hexachlorobenzene was reduced by potassium at 350 ℃ using different catalysts, nanotubes or spheres were prepared. It was assumed that the formation of spheres could be explained as curving of many small graphite fragments. Bamboo-shaped and Y-junction carbon nanotubes were synthesized through reduction of ethanol by magnesium at 600 ℃. When Na2CO3 and CCl4 were reduced by magnesium at 500 ℃, carbon nanotubes with average diameter of 100 nm were obtained. Some double-helically coiled carbon nanotubes were detected by reducing ethyl ether with metallic zinc at 700 ℃. Assisted by sulfur, amorphous carbon nanotubes and Fe/C coaxial nanocables from ferrocene were obtained at 200 ℃. |
| Keywords: solvolthermal synthesis carbon nanomaterials carbon nanotubes different morphologies |
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| 朱永春,钱逸泰.溶剂热法合成碳纳米材料[J].无机化学学报,2008,24(4):499-504. |
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