纳米氧化锌的制备及其在太阳光下的光催化性能
Preparation of ZnO Nanoparticles and Their Catalytic Property under Solar Light
作者单位
苏碧桃 西北师范大学化学化工学院省部共建生态环境相关高分子材料教育部重点实验室甘肃省高分子材料重点实验室兰州 730070 
胡常林 西北师范大学化学化工学院省部共建生态环境相关高分子材料教育部重点实验室甘肃省高分子材料重点实验室兰州 730070 
左显维 西北师范大学化学化工学院省部共建生态环境相关高分子材料教育部重点实验室甘肃省高分子材料重点实验室兰州 730070 
雷自强 西北师范大学化学化工学院省部共建生态环境相关高分子材料教育部重点实验室甘肃省高分子材料重点实验室兰州 730070 
摘要: 本文以醋酸锌、浓氨水为原料,采用均匀沉淀法,制备了在太阳光下具有优良光催化性能的纳米氧化锌粉体,并利用透射电镜(TEM)、UV-Vis、X射线衍射(XRD)和ξ电位对所得样品进行了表征;以亚甲基蓝(MB)溶液的光催化脱色降解为模型反应,考察了煅烧温度对其结构与催化性能的影响。研究结果表明:在150 ℃下煅烧4 h得到了具有良好分散性和结晶性能的纳米氧化锌粒子,粒径分布均匀、平均粒径约10 nm;该纳米材料在太阳光下具有高的光催化活性和稳定性,照射2 h可以使MB溶液的脱色率达100%,且重复使用5次时染料的脱色率仍在95%以上;所得样品的ξ电位均为负值,样品表面过剩的负电荷源自于样品的结构缺陷,即Zn2+空位或O2-过剩,且表面电荷量随煅烧温度的不同而不同;结构缺陷是其光谱响应范围的拓展和在太阳光条件下具有良好催化性能等的重要原因。
关键词: 纳米氧化锌  制备  光催化性能  ξ电位  太阳光
基金项目: 
Abstract: ZnO nanoparticles with good photocatalytic property under solar light were prepared by cooperation-precipitation method with zinc acetate and ammonia as raw materials. The as-made samples were characterized by TEM, UV-Vis, XRD and ξ potential measurement. Decolorizing of MB dye solution as the model reaction, the effect of calcining temperature on the structure and catalytic property of the samples was examined. Results showed that ZnO nanoparticles with well-dispersion and crystal property, obtained by calcining the precursor at 150 ℃ for 4 h, had the average diameter of about 10 nm, the even particle size distribution, and higher photocatalytic property under solar light. After being illuminated for 2 h under solar light, the decolorizing efficiency of the MB solution reached 100% and the efficiency remained above 95% after being reused for five times. The ξ potential of the samples was negative. Excess negative charge on its surface was related to the structure defect,that was Zn2+ vacancy or O2- excess. And charge quantity changed with calcining temperature. The structure defect was a very important factor of extending the light response of ZnO nanoparticles and improving catalytic property of the samples under solar light.
Keywords: ZnO nanoparticles  preparation  photo-catalytic property  ξ potential  solar light
 
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苏碧桃,胡常林,左显维,雷自强.纳米氧化锌的制备及其在太阳光下的光催化性能[J].无机化学学报,2010,26(1):96-100.
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