| 超级铝热剂的制备、表征及其燃烧催化作用 |
| Preparation, Characterization and Combustion Catalytic Activity of Nanopartical Super Thermites |
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| 摘要: 用纳米铝粉和纳米氧化铅、纳米氧化铜和纳米三氧化二铋为原料，采用超声分散复合的方法，制备了纳米超级铝热剂Al/PbO、Al/CuO和Al/Bi2O3。采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜及能谱分析(SEM-EDS)和红外光谱(IR)对原料和产物的物相、组成、形貌和结构进行分析表征；运用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)评估三种超级铝热剂与双基推进剂主要组分的相容性；研究了3种超级铝热剂对双基推进剂燃烧性能的影响。结果表明，Al/PbO、Al/CuO和Al/Bi2O3与推进剂主要组分硝化棉(NC)、硝化棉/硝化甘油(NC/NG)混合物和吉纳(DINA)的相容性均良好，而与黑索今(RDX)和1，3-二甲基-1，3-二苯基脲(C2)相对较为敏感；含三种纳米超级铝热剂的双基推进剂表现出优异的燃烧性能。 |
| 关键词: 材料科学 超级铝热剂 超声分散法 推进剂 相容性 催化活性 燃速 |
| 基金项目: |
| Abstract: Super thermites Al/PbO, Al/CuO and Al/Bi2O3 were prepared by ultrasonic dispersion process using nano-Al, nano-PbO, nano-CuO and nano-Bi2O3 as the raw materials, and the products were characterized by XRD, SEM-EDS and IR. DSC thermal analysis method was employed to evaluate compatibility of three kinds of super thermites with some double-base propellant main components. On the bases of characterizations, the effects of three super thermites on the combustion properties of double-base(DB) propellant were investigated. The results indicate that Al/PbO, Al/CuO and Al/Bi2O3 have good compatibility with nitrocellulose (NC), nitrocellulose/nitroglycerine (NC/NG) and N-nitro dihydroxy ethylamine dinitrate (DINA), but they are slightly sensitive with cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX) and 1, 3-dimethyl-1, 3-diphenylurea (C2). DB propellant containing three kinds of nano super thermites showed excellent performance of combustion, which indicates that super thermites have tremendous potential superiorities in application of DB propellant. |
| Keywords: materials science super thermites ultrasonic dispersion process propellant compatibility catalytic activity burning rate |
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| 安 亭,赵凤起,裴 庆,肖立柏,徐司雨,高红旭,邢晓玲.超级铝热剂的制备、表征及其燃烧催化作用[J].无机化学学报,2011,27(2):231-238. |
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