载体材料对单Pd三效催化剂性能及催化活性的影响
Effect of Support Materials on Property and Catalytic Performance of Pd-Only Three-Way Catalyst
作者单位E-mail
崔亚娟 四川大学建筑与环境学院, 成都 610065  
方瑞梅 四川大学化学工程学院, 成都 610065  
尚鸿燕 四川大学化学工程学院, 成都 610065  
史忠华 四川大学绿色化学与技术教育部重点实验室, 成都 610064
四川省机动车尾气净化工程技术研究中心, 成都 610064
四川省环境保护环境催化材料工程技术中心, 成都 610064 
 
龚茂初 四川大学绿色化学与技术教育部重点实验室, 成都 610064
四川省机动车尾气净化工程技术研究中心, 成都 610064
四川省环境保护环境催化材料工程技术中心, 成都 610064 
 
陈耀强 四川大学建筑与环境学院, 成都 610065
四川大学化学工程学院, 成都 610065
四川大学绿色化学与技术教育部重点实验室, 成都 610064
四川省机动车尾气净化工程技术研究中心, 成都 610064
四川省环境保护环境催化材料工程技术中心, 成都 610064 
nic7501@scu.edu.cn 
摘要: 采用共沉淀法制备了耐高温高比表面的La2O3-Al2O3(LA)以及铈含量分别为15%、33%和47%的储氧材料CeO2-ZrO2-La2O3-Al2O3(CZLA)、CeO2-ZrO2-La2O3+La2O3-Al2O3(CZL+LA)和CeO2-ZrO2-La2O3(CZL)4类载体材料,并用浸渍法制备了整体式Pd/LA、Pd/CZLA、Pd/CZL+LA和Pd/CZL汽油车尾气净化三效催化剂,考察了载体材料对单Pd三效催化剂的影响。采用低温N2吸附-脱附、H2-程序升温还原(H2-TPR)以及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对载体材料及催化剂进行了表征,并考察了催化剂的空燃比性能和三效催化性能。结果表明,CZLA有效地结合了铈基和铝基载体材料的优点,表现出了优异的织构性能、热稳定性及还原性能。老化前后,其负载的单Pd三效催化剂在低温还原率、表面元素含量及Pd的电子结合能等性能方面表现出了最小的差异。催化剂活性测试结果表明,Pd/CZLA的三效窗口明显较宽,且拥有最低的起燃温度,尤其经1000℃老化处理后,其催化活性最高,C3H8、NOx和CO的起燃温度分别为370、257和223℃。可见,相较于其他3种载体材料,CZLA更适合于负载单Pd三效催化剂,从而满足更高标准的三效催化剂的性能要求。
关键词:   催化剂  多相催化  载体材料  织构性能  热稳定性  单Pd三效催化剂  催化性能。
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(No.21173153),四川省科技厅科技支撑项目(2011GZ0035)资助。
Abstract: Four kinds of support materials, i.e. a thermally stable material La2O3-Al2O3(LA), three oxygen storage materials CeO2-ZrO2-La2O3-Al2O3(CZLA), CeO2-ZrO2-La2O3+La2O3-Al2O3(CZL+LA) and CeO2-ZrO2-La2O3(CZL) with ceria content of 15%, 33% and 47%, respectively, were prepared by co-precipitation. The corresponding Pd-only catalysts Pd/LA, Pd/CZLA, Pd/CZL+LA and Pd/CZL were obtained by wet-impregnation and further fabricated as three-way catalysts in a monolith form. The support materials were characterized by low temperature nitrogen adsorption-desorption and H2-temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR). The catalysts were characterized by H2-TPR and XPS, and were evaluated with a simulated automobile exhaust in terms of the relationships of three way performance with the air/fuel operation window and with temperatures. The results indicate that the support material CZLA integrates the advantages of ceria-based and alumina-based materials effectively thus having superior textural property, thermal stability and reduction property. Additionally, Pd/CZLA catalyst shows little difference in low temperature reducibility, surface elemental distribution and elemental oxidation states before and after aging treatment. As a result, Pd/CZLA exhibits the widest air/fuel operation window and the lowest light-off temperature among the four catalysts, especially after aging treatment, the light-off temperature of C3H8, NOx and CO is 370 ℃, 257 ℃, 223 ℃, respectively. Then material CZLA is the most suitable support for Pd-only three-way catalyst compared with the other three supports.
Keywords: palladium  catalysts  Heterogeneous catalysis  support materials  textural properties  thermal stability  Pd-only three-way catalysts  catalytic performance
投稿时间:2014-11-08 修订日期:2015-02-13
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崔亚娟,方瑞梅,尚鸿燕,史忠华,龚茂初,陈耀强.载体材料对单Pd三效催化剂性能及催化活性的影响[J].无机化学学报,2015,31(5):989-1002.
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